HIV drug resistance profile in South Africa: findings and implications from the 2017 national HIV household survey
SOURCE: PLoS One
OUTPUT TYPE: Journal Article
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2020
TITLE AUTHOR(S): S.Moyo, G.Hunt, K.Zuma, N.Zungu, E.Marinda, M.Mabaso, V.Kana, M.Kalimashe, J.Ledwaba, I.Naidoo, S.Takatshana, T.Matjokotja, C.Dietrich, E.Raizes, K.Diallo, G.Kindra, L.Mugore, T.Rehle
KEYWORDS: ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART), DRUG RESISTANCE, HIV/AIDS, NATIONAL SURVEY
DEPARTMENT: Public Health, Societies and Belonging (HSC), Impact Centre (IC), Impact Centre (PRESS), Impact Centre (CC)
Print: HSRC Library: shelf number 11761
HANDLE: 20.500.11910/15799
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11910/15799
OUTPUT TYPE: Journal Article
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2020
TITLE AUTHOR(S): S.Moyo, G.Hunt, K.Zuma, N.Zungu, E.Marinda, M.Mabaso, V.Kana, M.Kalimashe, J.Ledwaba, I.Naidoo, S.Takatshana, T.Matjokotja, C.Dietrich, E.Raizes, K.Diallo, G.Kindra, L.Mugore, T.Rehle
KEYWORDS: ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART), DRUG RESISTANCE, HIV/AIDS, NATIONAL SURVEY
DEPARTMENT: Public Health, Societies and Belonging (HSC), Impact Centre (IC), Impact Centre (PRESS), Impact Centre (CC)
Print: HSRC Library: shelf number 11761
HANDLE: 20.500.11910/15799
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11910/15799
If you would like to obtain a copy of this Research Output, please contact Hanlie Baudin at researchoutputs@hsrc.ac.za.
Abstract
HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) testing was included in the 2017 South African national HIV household survey. We describe the prevalence of HIVDR by drug class, age, sex and antiretroviral drugs (ARV) status. Dried blood were spots tested for HIV, with Viral load (VL), exposure to ARVs and HIVDR testing among those HIV positive. HIVDR testing was conducted on samples with VL - 1000 copies/ml using Next Generation Sequencing. Weighted percentages of HIVDR are reported. 697/1,105 (63%) of HIV positive samples were sequenced. HIVDR was detected in samples from 200 respondents (27.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 22.8-32.6)). Among these 130 (18.9% (95% CI 14.8-23.8)), had resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) only, 63 (7.8% (95% CI 5.6-10.9)) resistance to NNRTIs and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and 3 (0.5% (95% CI 0.1-2.1)) resistance to protease inhibitors. Sixty-five (55.7% (95% CI 42.6-67.9) of ARV-positive samples had HIVDR compared to 112 (22.8% (95% CI 17.7-28.7)), in ARV-negative samples. HIVDR was found in 75.6% (95% CI 59.2-87.3), n = 27, samples from respondents who reported ARV use but tested ARV-negative, and in 15.3% (95% CI 6.3-32.8), n = 7, respondents who reported no ARV use and tested ARV-negative. There were no significant age and sex differences in HIVDR. 27% of virally unsuppressed respondents had HIVDR, increasing to 75% among those who had discontinued ARV. Our findings support strengthening first-line ARV regimens by including drugs with a higher resistance barrier and treatment adherence strategies, and close monitoring of HIVDR.-
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