Data and methods to characterize the role of sex work and to inform sex work programs in generalized HIV epidemics: evidence to challenge assumptions
SOURCE: Annals of Epidemiology
OUTPUT TYPE: Journal Article
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2016
TITLE AUTHOR(S): S.Mishra, M.C.Boily, S.Schwartz, C.Beyrer, J.F.Blanchard, S.Moses, D.Castor, N.Phaswana-Mafuya, P.Vickerman, F.Drame, M.Alary, S.D.Baral
KEYWORDS: HIV/AIDS, SEX WORKERS
DEPARTMENT: Public Health, Societies and Belonging (HSC)
Print: HSRC Library: shelf number 9293
HANDLE: 20.500.11910/9921
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11910/9921
OUTPUT TYPE: Journal Article
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2016
TITLE AUTHOR(S): S.Mishra, M.C.Boily, S.Schwartz, C.Beyrer, J.F.Blanchard, S.Moses, D.Castor, N.Phaswana-Mafuya, P.Vickerman, F.Drame, M.Alary, S.D.Baral
KEYWORDS: HIV/AIDS, SEX WORKERS
DEPARTMENT: Public Health, Societies and Belonging (HSC)
Print: HSRC Library: shelf number 9293
HANDLE: 20.500.11910/9921
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11910/9921
If you would like to obtain a copy of this Research Output, please contact Hanlie Baudin at researchoutputs@hsrc.ac.za.
Abstract
In the context of generalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics, there has been limited recent investment in HIV surveillance and prevention programming for key populations including female sex workers. Often implicit in the decision to limit investment in these epidemic settings are assumptions including that commercial sex is not significant to the sustained transmission of HIV, and HIV interventions designed to reach 'all segments of society' will reach female sex workers and clients. Emerging empiric and model-based evidence is challenging these assumptions. This article highlights the frameworks and estimates used to characterize the role of sex work in HIV epidemics as well as the relevant empiric data landscape on sex work in generalized HIV epidemics and their strengths and limitations. Traditional approaches to estimate the contribution of sex work to HIV epidemics do not capture the potential for upstream and downstream sexual and vertical HIV transmission. Emerging approaches such as the transmission population attributable fraction from dynamic mathematical models can address this gap. To move forward, the HIV scientific community must begin by replacing assumptions about the epidemiology of generalized HIV epidemics with data and more appropriate methods of estimating the contribution of unprotected sex in the context of sex work.-
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